Abstract
To meet the requirement of the precision direct-seeding for hybrid rice, this study aimed to design a hill-drop pneumatic central cylinder direct-seeding machine to sow ten rows at a time. A series of orthogonal experiments were conducted to investigate the performance of the cylinder seeder. The influences of the hole diameters, degree of vacuum, and rotational speed of the cylinder were tested on JPS-12 computer-vision seeding test platform, and the rotational speed of 10-50 r/min, diameter of 135 mm and a negative pressure of 1.0-2.0 kPa were employed. Test results showed that the optimal parameter combination was a vacuum of 2.0 kPa and a hole diameter of 2.0 mm (straight hole), with a rotational speed of 30 r/min. The probability of (2±1) seeds in each hole was 95.3%, while the probability of seed-missing hole was 2.0%. A series of field experiments were then conducted to test the seeder performance according to China National Standard Test Methods, and the field test results showed that for the hill-drop pneumatic central cylinder direct-seeding machine, the probability of (2±1) seeds in each hill was 91.6%, while the probability of seed-missing hill was 2.7%. The yield data showed that the average effective panicle had 231.25 ears, the average seed setting rate was 9.92%, the average 1000-grain weight was 22.45 g, and the average yield was 7107.9 kg/hm2 that was 26.14% higher than the average yield of rice (5634.9 kg/hm2) of Guangdong Province in 2016. The results showed that the hill-drop pneumatic central cylinder direct-seeding machine for hybrid rice could be applied in practical precision rice seeding. Keywords: direct-seeding machine, hybrid rice, precision rice seeder, pneumatic cylinder, platform test, field test DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181106.4175 Citation: Wang B L, Luo X W, Wang Z M, Zheng L, Zhang M H, Dai Y Z, et al. Design and field evaluation of hill-drop pneumatic central cylinder direct-seeding machine for hybrid rice. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 33–40.
Highlights
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world
In 2013, 16.18 million hm2 were planted with hybrid rice, accounting for 53.37% of the overall rice-planted area[3]
The hole type, rotational speed of the cylinder and cavity vacuum degree were optimized to maximize the performance of the seed-metering device
Summary
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. More than half of the world’s population relies on rice as a staple food. Rice is planted in 122 countries, and the annual area of cultivation is 140-157 million hm, with 90% of the planted area being concentrated in Asia. Rice is one of the most important cultivated crops in China. In 2015, the total planted area was 30.2 million hm, making great contribution to the growing global demand of food[1,2]. Hybrid rice, which offers a strong tilling ability and high yield, has been popularized and widely researched in China. In 2013, 16.18 million hm were planted with hybrid rice, accounting for 53.37% of the overall rice-planted area[3]
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