Abstract
The main aim was, to design Pit Furnace from the setup of black smithy. As the Smithy setup was not in use so it is converted into Pit Furnace setup. The purpose of using Pit Furnace is to melt nonferrous material. The Nonferrous materials such as Aluminum, Aluminum alloy, Copper, Brass, etc. The Aluminum has less melting point (680ᵒ C, 1218ᵒF) and cheaper than other. The thermal efficiency of furnace is 13.72% which is obtained by melting 2 kg of Aluminum for 75 minutes. Normally thermal of pit furnace is between 4-19%. The blower is used to supply the air into the furnace chamber to burn the coal. For melting the Aluminum, Crucible should sustain higher temperature so Graphite Crucible is used. This Crucible has thinner wall and have more refractory properties.
Highlights
The crucible is placed in a pit below the floor level, and it is fired with coke
Pit furnace efficiency lies between 4%-19%
After the complete experimentation it can be concluded that the furnace may be effectively used for melting nonferrous metal. It enhances the technical skills of the students by using as an academic laboratory experiment to produce the aluminum castings
Summary
Furnace is a device which is used in industries for many things such as, the extraction of metal from ore (smelting) or in oil refineries and other chemical plants, for example as the heat source for fractional distillation columns. Pit furnace is most utilized furnace in manufacturing industry because it is easy to control, high efficiency and cleanliness. There are two types of Pit furnace horizontal and vertical. In the most of industry vertical type pit furnace is used. In this type of pit furnace most of nonferrous materials are melt. These materials are melted by using Subsector (Crucible). Graphite crucibles are widely utilized for such application because graphite has high melting temperature, easy machinability, and high thermal stability. [1] Pit furnace method is easy phenomenon and for each different applications, detailed study and analysis is required that includes, 1. Bricks design as per size of crucible and thermal property
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