Abstract
A stacked three-phase piezoelectric composites ring array underwater ultrasound transducer was developed in this paper. The circular structure of three-phase piezoelectric composite with a large open angle was improved based on the 1-3 piezoelectric composites. The structure size of the transducer’s sensitive component was designed by using ANSYS simulation software, and the single-ring samples of three-phase piezoelectric composites with different thicknesses were fabricated. Based on the bandwidth broadening theory of multimode coupled vibration, the piezoelectric composite ring-shaped sensitive component was fabricated by the piezoelectric composite curved-surface-forming process. According to the design structure of the transducer, the stacked three-phase piezoelectric composites ring array underwater ultrasound transducer was processed. The experimental results show that the maximum transmission voltage response is 154 dB, the open angle of the horizontal beam reaches 360°, and the bandwidth of −3 dB is 86 kHz. The developed transducers achieved a high frequency, broadband, and large open angle to radiate sound waves.
Highlights
The underwater ultrasound transducer is the key device for energy conversion in the sonar system [1], and its performance affects sonar detection capability directly
Medium- and high-frequency transducers are usually used in the field of target detection and fine imaging [2] and the underwater acoustic transducer [3,4]
The high-frequency, broadband, and horizontal omnidirectional transducer is in urgent need of thunder-hunting sonar, anti-frogman sonar, seafloor-surveying sonar, near-field communication sonar, and forward-looking sonar of unmanned underwater vehicles [5,6]
Summary
The underwater ultrasound transducer is the key device for energy conversion in the sonar system [1], and its performance affects sonar detection capability directly. Huang et al described the fabrication of 1-3 piezoelectric composites and prepared a high-frequency single-directional planar underwater ultrasound transducer [12]. Teng et al proposed an underwater, low-frequency, high-power transducer with a controllable transmitting beam by combining the directional beam transmission theory with the currently applied mosaic ceramic ring structure [19] These results enlarged the beam angle of the transducers, but the bandwidth was relatively small. Wang et al designed the sensitive element of an axially stacked piezoelectric composite ring array transducer by using finite element software [21]; the bandwidth of −3 dB can be expanded to 60 kHz by means of composites and multimode coupling.
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