Design and Fabrication of a 2-Port Multiple Antenna System for mmWave Application

Abstract

The next-generation wireless communication technology heading towards the mmWave band requires multiple antenna systems to achieve high diversity, high data rates, and reliability. The design of multiple antenna systems is always associated with the problem of mutual coupling between antenna elements. In order to achieve better system performance, the mutual coupling between the elements has to be minimized. This work basically aims to minimize the mutual interaction among the antenna elements. A 2-port multiple antenna system is presented, with the defected ground structure as a decoupling technique, in order to minimize the mutual coupling. The single microstrip patch antenna is initially designed to operate at 24 GHz; later, it is transformed into a 2-port multiple antenna system. The transformed 2-port multiple antenna is loaded with the defective ground structure. The designed antenna system is fabricated, and practical measurements are carried out. The isolation achieved with defective ground structure through simulation is −27dB, and the practical measured value is −40dB. The 2-port multiple antenna system performance is assessed through the following metrics: Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC), Diversity Gain(DG), and Channel Capacity Loss(CCL). For the proposed 2-port multiple antenna the obtained values of ECC, DG and CLL are 0.004, 9.99dB and 0.4 bit/s/Hz. The results of the simulated structure are in good agreement with the fabricated structure. The result shows that defective ground is the better technique to achieve isolation between the closely placed antennas. The defective ground structure is the simplest technique in comparison with other techniques, such as metamaterial, energy band gap etc. The major novelty of the work includes, the design of a 2-port multiple antenna system with single slot and achieving the isolation more than −47dB without affecting the antenna resonating frequency.