Abstract
The cruising range of an electric vehicle (EV) can be greatly extended by a dynamic wireless charging system because the battery can be charged while the vehicle is moving. However, the investment in infrastructure can be enormous and has to be reduced to implement the system. This paper presents the design of a wireless power transfer system with road embedded transmitter coils to facilitate dynamic charging of EVs. A 30 cm by 1.6 m transmitter coil, which is relatively long compared with the 40-cmdiameter circular receiver coil, has been designed to reduce the cost of the transmitter circuit. A prototype transmitter coil has been embedded into a road for evaluation of its characteristics. The measured coupling coefficient of the transmitter and receiver coils is as small as 0.09 because of the asymmetry between the coils. Compensation circuits for the transmitter and receiver coils have been designed and optimized for such a small coupling coefficient condition. The designed dynamic charging system can transfer more than 1 kW of electric power with more than 90% efficiency. Five transmitter circuits have been embedded into a road surface for testing. Cement asphalt mortar was used to construct the road surface in this study to avoid damaging the transmitter coils by high temperature and high pressure during the construction work. The designed receiver circuit has been installed on a compact 2-seater EV. A demonstration was conducted to show that the retrofitted EV can successfully receive electric power transferred from the road.
Highlights
Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to be a key technology in improving energy sustainability for tomorrow’s personal mobility because electricity can be generated from various power sources, including renewable energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and so on
This indicated that damage to the transmitter coils during the construction work was prevented by the materials and construction process used
This paper has presented the design and evaluation of a wireless power transfer system with road embedded transmitter coils for dynamic charging of an EV
Summary
Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to be a key technology in improving energy sustainability for tomorrow’s personal mobility because electricity can be generated from various power sources, including renewable energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and so on. The transmitter coil of the designed system is relatively long compared with the receiver coil in order to reduce the transmitter circuit cost. This asymmetry results in a small coupling coefficient between the transmitter and receiver coils. These compensation circuits have been designed and optimized to enable power transfer under a small coupling coefficient condition. A suitable construction method and materials were selected for the test road to avoid damaging the buried transmitter coil. The final section presents the conclusions and plans for future work
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