Abstract
This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer. The interface was designed to help the remote supervisor to instruct the autonomous sprayer to commence operation, monitor the status of the sprayer and its operation in the field, and intervene when needed (i.e., to stop or shut down). Design principles and guidelines were carefully selected to help develop a human-centered automation interface. Evaluation of the interface using a combination of heuristic, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing techniques revealed several strengths of the design as well as areas that needed further improvement. Overall, this paper provides guidelines that will assist other researchers to develop an ergonomic user interface for a fully autonomous agricultural machine.
Highlights
Researchers and manufacturers have been working to make agricultural machines, such as tractors and sprayers, to function autonomously
This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer
This paper provides guidelines that will assist other researchers to develop an ergonomic user interface for a fully autonomous agricultural machine
Summary
Researchers and manufacturers have been working to make agricultural machines, such as tractors and sprayers, to function autonomously. Creating a functional autonomous agricultural machine is just one hurdle that must be overcome by the design engineer. Another challenge is designing the user interface that will enable farmers to monitor the autonomous machine remotely during operation to minimize problems that may arise due to unexpected situations or system malfunctions [2]. The interface will affect the supervisor’s ability to understand the current situation and make decisions [4]. It will increase the error rates, training time and cost, stress, and frustration [5]. It is essential that adequate effort be dedicated to designing an effective interface
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