Abstract
A hydraulic torque converter (HTC) is a key component in an automatic transmission. To monitor its operating status and to detect and locate faults, and considering the high-efficiency fault detection and identification (FDI) scheme design by the methodology of structural analysis (SA), this paper presents an SA-based FDI system design and validation for the HTC. By the technique of fault mode and effect analysis (FMEA), eight critical faults are obtained, and then two fault variables are chosen to delegate them. Fault detectability and isolability, coupled with different sensor placements, are analyzed, and as a result, two speed sensors and two torque sensors of pump and turbine are selected to realize the maximal fault detectability and fault isolability: all six faults are detectable, four faults are uniquely isolable, and two faults are isolated from the other faults, but not from each other. Then five minimal structurally overdetermined (MSO) sets are easily acquired by SA to generate five corresponding residuals. The proposed FDI scheme of the HTC by SA is first validated by a theoretical model, then by an offline experiment in a commercial SUV, and the testing results indicate a consistent conclusion with the simulations and theory analysis.
Highlights
A hydraulic torque converter (HTC) is used in automatic transmission (AT) to transform engine power to the transmission shafts, and to the vehicle
Some specific techniques based on models from the system physical structure, such as parameter estimation, parity equation, observer, cumulative sum (CUSUM), support vector machines (SVM), or probabilistic neural networks (PNN), were employed for fault detection and fault isolation. We can use these techniques for fault diagnosis of the HTC, but after investigating these papers, we found little use for a systematic fault detectability (FD) and fault isolability (FI) analysis
This paper presents a systematic approach to performing efficient fault detection and identification (FDI) system design for the HTC based on the theory of structural analysis (SA), where first the techniques of structure representation (SR) and Dulmage–Mendelsohn (DM) composition will be used to intuitively analyze the FD and FI, an efficient sensor placement is executed to realize the optimal capability of FD and FI for the HTC, and minimal structurally overdetermined (MSO) sets are directly obtained to generate sequential residuals, and an analytic redundant relationship (ARR) and observer are employed
Summary
A hydraulic torque converter (HTC) is used in automatic transmission (AT) to transform engine power to the transmission shafts, and to the vehicle. If there is a malfunction in the HTC, it will directly affect the output torque from the engine, decrease the transferring efficiency of the transmission, and even result in gear shifting failure or power loss of the transmission, or a broken engine when it is stuck or damaged, which may cause a fatal accident. [8], the transient performance of three torque converters from a Ford Taurus, a Honda CRV, and a Mercedes-Benz were tested to validate the proposed computer model, in which the large amount of data about sensor measurements, such as pump speed, turbine speed, pump torque, and turbine torque, provides a reference for the experimental validation in this paper It is worth mentioning that in Ref. [8], the transient performance of three torque converters from a Ford Taurus, a Honda CRV, and a Mercedes-Benz were tested to validate the proposed computer model, in which the large amount of data about sensor measurements, such as pump speed, turbine speed, pump torque, and turbine torque, provides a reference for the experimental validation in this paper
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