Abstract
This study aims to develop a water pump that utilizes natural hydro energy as driving force to deliver water to a higher ground. The conceptual design of using water wheel to extract kinetic energy from water flow and transfer the energy to power multiple piston pump was created based on the extensive literature review findings. The actual prototype is then built and modified to suit the actual environment considerations. Findings show that single pump is able to produce maximum pressure head of 7.14 meters and the maximum volume flowrate achieved is 19.2 l/hr (320ml/min). However, when multiple piston is connected in series (in this research three pistons is used), the maximum water head increased to 13.77 meters and the maximum volume flowrate about 19.2 l/hr. This result shows that the water pump can be used in remote area or places at higher ground that does not have constant water access. Performance of the whole system can be improved by several factors such as adding more blades to the water wheel, steeper angle and better piston shaft design for water pump, and also proper water sealing of the whole system to prevent head loss and increase the overall performance.
Highlights
Energy is defined as the source of power or the ability of matter to work because of its mass, movement, electric charge, etc. [1]
This study started with literature review on the natural energy water pumping concepts and key parameters governing the performance of the pumps
The findings indicate that the pressure head generated is quite significant and suitable to deliver water to higher ground
Summary
Energy is defined as the source of power or the ability of matter to work because of its mass, movement, electric charge, etc. [1]. Pump is a device that imparts energy to its fluid medium. In the case of water pump, they relocate the energy provided to them to the water. The conversion of energy involved in this case is normally from any form of energy that is provided to the pump, to hydro power [4]. Mass flow rate of fluid through the pump is one of the most common factors to determine the pump’s performance. There is another determinant that governs pump performance that is by its net head H or known as Bernoulli head [4]. Even when the pump is operating, the net head is considered as the same column height of water
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