Abstract

Organic farming is now recognized as the best known alternative to the conventional agriculture, where cultivation and raising of crops and best quality of food is grown without any harm to the soil health, environmental and to the human being and microorganism present in the soil. Efficient organic nutrient supply to plant in adequate quantities to sustain most plant growth and yield while minimizing the environmental affected by the use of large quantities of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides which reduces the soil characteristics and productivity. Vermicom post is the major alternatives for organic farming with higher plant nutrients. Therefore, a tractor drawn subsurface manure and seed applicator was designed and developed in Farm Machinery and Power Engineering Department, G.B.P.U.A& T Pantnagar, Uttara khand for placement of vermicom post (organic manure) at a depth of 50 to 200 mm below the soil surface. Firstly the frame for vermicom post and seed hopper was fabricated according to the desired capacity of vermicom post manure hopper. Six rectangular orifices were provided for delivery of manure at the middle of the bottom surface of the manure hopper. A counter shaft was fixed on the frame which was driven by the ground wheel and rotated the horizontal screw conveyor shaft of the manure hopper as well as seed hopper shaft by means of chain - sprocket arrangement. The velocity ratios between the ground wheel and the manure and fluted roller shaft were 2:1. The manure hopper shaft and fluted roller shaft were rotated at 14, 35 and 41 rpm when tractor forward speed 2, 4 and 6 km/h, respectively. Two depth control side wheels were provided below the frame to adjust the depth of cut of machine in field operation. A furrow opener was designed to penetrate into the soil at the desired depth and placed the vermicom post and seed below the soil surface.

Highlights

  • The quantity of nutrients of organic manure required by the plants varies depending on plant characteristics, environmental conditions, soil characteristics, and soil and crop management

  • The following criteria were considered in designing of the subsurface manure and seed applicator (Fig.1) were (a) simplicity of fabrication (b) portability (c) cost of manure applicator and (d) cost of seed sowing

  • To design the manure and seed hopper and size of the applicator, physical as well as morphological parameters like length, breadth, thickness, bulk density, test weight and angle of repose of vermicompost and wheat seed were determined in the laboratory

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Summary

Introduction

The quantity of nutrients of organic manure required by the plants varies depending on plant characteristics (like crop, yield level, variety, planting rate), environmental conditions (like moisture and temperature), soil characteristics (soil properties, fertility), and soil and crop management.Manuscript received on June 26, 2021.Revised Manuscript received on July 03, 2021.Manuscript published on July 30, 2021.Abhishek Kumar*, Ph.D Research Scholar, Farm Machinery andPower Engineering Department, G. The quantity of nutrients of organic manure required by the plants varies depending on plant characteristics (like crop, yield level, variety, planting rate), environmental conditions (like moisture and temperature), soil characteristics (soil properties, fertility), and soil and crop management. Revised Manuscript received on July 03, 2021. Abhishek Kumar*, Ph.D Research Scholar, Farm Machinery and. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

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