Design and development of novel magnetic Lentinan/PVA nanocomposite for removal of diazinon, malathion, and diclofenac contaminants

Abstract

Increasing population growth and rapid expansion of the industrialization of the world society have caused severe environmental pollution to the planet. This study was carried out in order to investigate the synthesis of biopolymeric texture nano adsorbent based on the Lentinan (LENT), Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Iron Oxide nanoparticles for the removal of environmental pollutants. The spherical structural morphology of Fe3O4@LENT/PVA nanocomposite has been determined by FE-SEM analyses. According to the obtained results from FTIR analyses, all absorption bands of the Fe3O4, LENT, and PVA, had been existed in nanocomposite and approved the successful formation of it. From EDS analysis, it has been revealed that 57.21 wt% Fe, 17.56 wt% C and 25.23 wt% O. Also, the XRD pattern of the nanocomposite, approved the presence of polymeric and magnetic parts with card no. JCPDS, 01–075-0033. The BET analysis has defined specific surface area (47 m2/g) and total pore volume (0.15 cm3/g). Moreover, high heterogeneity and structural stability of the fabricated Fe3O4@LENT/PVA nanocomposite have been proven by TGA. Besides, VSM analysis measured great magnetic property of the nanocomposite (48 emu/g). Also, the Fe3O4@LENT/PVA nanocomposite potential for effective removal of malathion (MA), Diazinon (DA), and Diclofenac (DF) from watery solution has studied by an experiment based on the efficacy of adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature. The adsorption kinetics of three pollutants had investigated using pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO) and intra-particle diffusion (IPD) velocity equations, the results showed that the kinetics followed PSO velocity equations. Also, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubbin-Radushkevich (D-R) and Temkin isotherm models had investigated, and the adsorption isotherm was adopted from the Langmuir model. The results demonstrated that in the presence of Fe3O4@LENT/PVA nanocomposite, at the optimal conditions (contact time = 180 min, pH = 5, nanocomposite dosage = 0.20 g/L and temperature of 298 K) the maximum adsorption capacity of MA, DF, and DA were 101.57, 153.28, and 102.75 mg/g, respectively. The antibacterial features of the Fe3O4@LENT/PVA nanocomposite, had evaluated by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, but the result did not show any antibacterial activity.