Design and Development of Drivetrain for Rear Independent Drive Electric Four-Wheeler

Abstract

This study presents the intricacies of designing and developing a drivetrain tailored specifically for a rear independent drive electric four- wheeler. The project addresses the challenges of achieving equitable power distribution to the drive wheels without a conventional differential unit. Through meticulous selection of components, CAD modeling, simulation, and analysis, the drivetrain's performance characteristics are thoroughly examined. A chain drive system with mid shafts is proposed as a solution, promising seamless power transmission while considering factors such as cost, complexity, and performance. This research contributes to advancing electric vehicle technology by providing insights into drivetrain optimization for rear independent drive configurations. The development journey begins with a meticulous analysis of drivetrain requirements, encompassing factors such as vehicle weight, cost considerations, and complexity. By carefully balancing these requirements, a design framework is established to guide component selection and system integration. The chosen drivetrain architecture incorporates a chain drive system with mid shafts, strategically positioned to facilitate seamless power transfer from the electric motor to the individual drive wheels. Central to the design process is the utilization of CAD modeling techniques, which provide a detailed visualization of the drivetrain components and their spatial relationships. CAD models serve as a virtual blueprint, enabling engineers to iterate rapidly and refine the design iteratively. Through simulation and analysis using MATLAB/Simulink, the performance characteristics of the drivetrain are evaluated under various operating conditions. This includes assessing torque distribution, efficiency, thermal management, and dynamic response to dynamic loads and driving scenarios. The adoption of a rear independent drive configuration introduces complexities in power distribution, necessitating innovative control strategies to ensure optimal performance. Furthermore, consideration is given to the integration of regenerative braking systems to maximize energy efficiency and extend the vehicle's range. By leveraging innovative design methodologies, advanced simulation techniques, and collaborative interdisciplinary efforts, this project aims to push the boundaries of drivetrain technology and accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles in the automotive industry. Keywords: Powertrain, Drivetrain, Electric four-wheeler, CAD, MATLAB, CAE