Abstract
Conventional inductive power transfer (IPT) employs primary control via phase shift, frequency tuning, or voltage tuning, whereas closed-loop control requires real-time wireless feedback communication. However, the long propagation delay results in small bandwidth. In this paper, a three-level (TL) rectifier is studied to implement secondary control and wide output voltage regulation in an inductor–capacitor–capacitor/series (LCC/S)-compensated IPT system over various magnetic couplings. The periodical operation behavior is analyzed, and a generic analytical expression of the system voltage gain including the TL rectifier is derived based on the Fourier series. A control strategy of an optimal control trajectory is proposed to maximize the power factor in the TL rectifier. The control variables are the duty cycles of the zero-level and one-level voltage in the TL rectifier. Either one remains at zero, while another one is utilized to modulate the output voltage in the proposed control strategy. A 2 kW prototype is designed and built to validate the theoretic analysis. The wide output voltage range between 100 V and 200 V under different magnetic coupling coefficients (0.16 and 0.23), a peak efficiency of 95.8% at 100 V and misaligned position, as well as a faster response of 1.3 ms are experimentally validated.
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