Design and Construction of Thermoelectric Generator with Comparison of Sun and Water Heat Temperatures

Abstract

In today's technological developments, many alternative and new renewable energies have been launched to reduce the impact of global warming. However, the availability of new renewable energy sources in Indonesia is still not fully utilized. As an alternative to deal with these problems, thermoelectric is one of the solutions in overcoming energy problems that are always increasing from year to year along with technological advances. On the other hand, one of the alternative energy sources that can be utilized is solar energy. The use of this energy can be done by utilizing the heat temperature. By using a thermoelectric generator, the results of the heat obtained from solar energy are converted into electricity. This is included in order to obtain a renewable and environmentally friendly energy source. With the existence of one of these problems, it encourages the researcher's plan to make a "DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR WITH COMPARISON OF SUN AND WATER HEAT TEMPERATURES" which will be carried out regarding the efficiency of thermoelectric generator design that utilizes simple materials in order to convert heat energy into electricity. The sun's rays are focused on the heat receiver in the design so that the difference between hot and cold temperatures is obtained which will be converted into electrical energy by the Setback effect method. In this study, 10 types of thermoelectric generator TEC 12705 were used. The test was carried out in two stages, namely in the first stage. TEG circuits are connected in series, in the second stage the TEG circuits are connected in parallel. for the heat conductor material using zinc aims to obtain an efficient heat temperature and is delivered to the hot side of the TEG. After the analysis, the average result of 10 TEC rotation in a series circuit is the total voltage of 33.27 V which is divided by 9 times, the test results in 3.69 V, while in a parallel circuit the total voltage is 1.7 V and then divided by 9 times the test results are obtained. 0.19 V. From the analysis of the average output voltage of the series and parallel circuits it can be concluded that the series circuit has a larger output, in accordance with Kirchhoff's II law theory where the sum of the voltages in a closed path is equal to zero, or the sum of the voltages on each its constituent components that make up a closed path will be equal to zero.