Abstract
The balancing machine is equipment used for the following- determining the proper location and amount of balance work in a rotor (applicable in a motor amerture) – determining the position and magnitude of a given mass to balance the unbalance centrifugal effect of a system (this is applicable in determining automobile crankshaft mass distribution. This equipment was designed and constructed for the use of the Faculty Engineering, Lagos State University the Mechanics of Machine Laboratory since the possibility of acquiring one is remote due to the non-availability of the hard currency needed. Moreover the need to take students outside the university to use the equipment has totally been eliminated thereby saving valuable time and cost. The objective of looking inwards towards technology acquisition is also manifested.
Highlights
The word balance is derived from the Latin word “BILANX” which means two pans, it is often used interchangeably with scales, balances are the preferred terms for the instruments used for the precise measurement of small weights as masses in amounts ranging from micrograms up to a few kilograms and are differentiated according to design, weighing principles and morphological criteria (McQueary, 1973) Balancing is a procedure by which the mass distribution of a rotor is checked and if necessary adjusted in order to ensure that the vibration of journals and forces on the bearing at a frequency corresponding to the operational speed are within specified limits
A balancing machine is that which provides a measure of the unbalance that a rotor mounted on it so that once per revolution vibratory motion of the force on the bearings can be reduced if necessary. (Reining & Desroehers, 1988)
In designing the Balancing machine, it is of prime importance that consideration be given to the following features, shaft unit, frame and support unit, the wheel unit and the electric motor unit is the source of power. (Redford, 1966)
Summary
The word balance is derived from the Latin word “BILANX” which means two pans, it is often used interchangeably with scales, balances are the preferred terms for the instruments used for the precise measurement of small weights as masses in amounts ranging from micrograms up to a few kilograms and are differentiated according to design, weighing principles and morphological criteria (McQueary, 1973) Balancing is a procedure by which the mass distribution of a rotor is checked and if necessary adjusted in order to ensure that the vibration of journals and forces on the bearing at a frequency corresponding to the operational speed are within specified limits. Some common causes of irregularity during production are machining errors, cumulative assembly tolerances, distortions due to heat treatment, blow holes or inclusions in castings and material non-homogeneity Because of these irregularities the actual axis of rotation does not coincide with one of the principal axis of inertia of the body, and variable disturbing forces are produced which results in vibrations. There are many possible causes of vibration in rotating equipment, this technique will deal only with that component of vibration, which occurs at running speed (frequency), and is caused by a mass unbalance in the rotor It is only this component of vibration that can be eliminated by the addition or removal of weight from the rotor. B) gravity balancing machine (in vertical balancing machine) The centrifugal (Horizontal) was chosen for it requires less time of construction and less expensive
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