Abstract
The design and development of a 50Kg charcoal fired crucible furnace for melting aluminium and its alloys are presented. Importance of Metal melting furnaces cannot be overemphasized in industrialized and under industrialized countries. A detailed designed analysis was conducted to determine the various component sizes of the crucible furnace so to pave way for its construction. Majority of the materials used for the furnace construction were obtained locally. The blower capacity was determined to be air to ratio of 400:1 and 0.05m 3 /min. The designed furnace of overall volumetric capacity of 0.57m 3 accommodates a crucible pot which had a height and volume of 0.577m and 0.0155m 3 respectively. The designed operating temperature of the furnace was 1200 o C and maintained a heat transfer rate of 494.2W/m 2 across the wall. The designed efficiency of the charcoal fired furnace was 59.35%. Keywords: Crucible, furnace, Charcoal, Volumetric capacity, Design, Efficiency DOI: 10.7176/ISDE/12-2-03 Publication date: April 30 th 2021
Highlights
Foundry technology is practiced in both urban and rural areas of Nigeria; the local foundry man digs a hole on the ground to take the shape of an oven, using coal or charcoal as fuel and makes use of a clay or metal pot as the crucible (Sani, 2015)
The local foundry people use the crucible furnace for making of casting of different objects such as machines parts, domestic cooking pots of different sizes, serving spoons, frying pans, etc
In the design of the charcoal-fired crucible furnace major components such as crucible pot, air blower, furnace lining, fire nozzle, furnace drum and cover were used in the construction of the crucible furnace
Summary
Foundry technology is practiced in both urban and rural areas of Nigeria; the local foundry man digs a hole on the ground to take the shape of an oven, using coal or charcoal as fuel and makes use of a clay or metal pot as the crucible (Sani, 2015). The local foundry people use the crucible furnace for making of casting of different objects such as machines parts, domestic cooking pots of different sizes, serving spoons, frying pans, etc. Iron melting in Nigeria dates back to the Nok culture of 2000 years ago in the Middle belt area of the country while on the Southern plains, bronze casting has been practiced by the Binis for over a thousand years. Archaeologists have traced early iron works, blacksmith artifact and artistic castings to Ife (Golorunnishola, Ojaomo & Onibon, 2019)
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