Abstract
Cross-flow hydraulic turbine becomes viable in low head and small water flow rate. Because of its simple in structure and ease of manufacturing, it is familiar in scheme of small hydro-power in the site of the power plant. In order to obtain a cross-flow turbine with maximum efficiency, appropriate turbine design must be performed. Therefore here proper turbine design was done employing the all turbine parameters and computational fluid dynamic simulation was carried out as important tool for performance study of the turbine. The required turbine model was designed and computational fluid dynamics simulations was performed by using the commercial software ANSYS CFX v.12. After the high efficiency turbine was designed, computational fluid dynamics was conducted in order to validate the obtained solution. With attack angle of 180, maximum efficiency was found to be 82.52% constant for different values of head and water flow rate. Where as in CFD simulation case, maximum efficiency became 79% with fully opened guide vane. Guide vane was set at position where the water is discharge through the runner fully. In this paper all design parameters of cross-flow turbine were calculated at maximum efficiency and simulation was done by opening turbine gate value at different stages.
Highlights
Several small hydro-power schemes have been proposed and successfully employed, which include radial, axial, and propeller type turbines
Computational fluid dynamic study of the system starts with building desired geometry and mesh for modeling the domain
All the simulations were carried out at the design conditions of net head and discharge with constant runner speed. 3-Dimensional viscous steady of computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed by using the commercial software ANSYS CFX Version 12.1
Summary
Several small hydro-power schemes have been proposed and successfully employed, which include radial, axial, and propeller type turbines. Cross-flow turbine is composed of two major parts, the runner and the nozzle. The runner is a circular rotor with two side walls to which the blades are fixed along the periphery of the turbine and blades are circular with specific radius of curvature. The nozzle directs the water flow into the runner at a certain attack angle. The water flow comes through an inlet pipe, and it is regulated by guide vanes and enters the runner of the turbine. The efficiency of the cross-flow turbine is dependent on several design parameters. These include runner diameter, runner length, runner speed, turbine power, water jet thickness, blade spacing, number of blades, radius of blade curvature, attack angle and the blade and exit angles [1]
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