Abstract
This paper presents a current transformer (CT)-based high-reliability energy harvesting circuit (EHC) for an electromagnetic energy extractor, which powers monitoring sensors in power system. Differing from the previous studies on EHC, this study employs only analog electronic components, which makes the EHC both simple and low-cost. Effectively, the EHC accomplishes the integration of surge current protection, power balance adjustment, and auto-sensing controllable startup-running-stop management. Respectively, 1) The EHC bypasses the secondary strong current coupled by primary surge current to protect the load sensor and the EHC itself. 2) The EHC only extracts the needed power by regulating the switching duty cycle in real time so that the harvested power can synchronize with the consumed power. 3) Adopting a segmented voltage control strategy, the EHC could sense the starting condition automatically and start up rapidly. After the starting condition is triggered, the EHC keeps working continuously until it receives the command to stop. Based on theoretical analysis and simulation of the above-mentioned functions, the circuit scheme diagram and the implementation of the EHC are finished. The experimental results indicate that the EHC is reliable and meets the design requirements. In terms of applications, the EHC has been used in the ultra-high voltage shunt compensating capacitor bank (UHV-SCCB) state monitoring sensor units, which reveals that the EHC can operate steadily in any working stage of the monitoring sensor.
Highlights
The EHC has been used in the ultra-high voltage shunt compensating capacitor bank (UHV-SCCB) state monitoring sensor units, which reveals that the EHC can operate steadily in any working stage of the monitoring sensor
With the development of internet of things (IOT) in smart systems, an increasing number of wireless monitoring sensors are equipped in the power system to accomplish sensor embedment, data sampling, signal processing, and operating state monitoring [1], [2]
In many application scenarios such as monitoring sensors in HV transmission lines, feeder terminal units (FTUs) in distribution automatic system (DAS), and UHV shunt compensating capacitor bank state monitoring sensors, etc., it is necessary that the energy should be harvested from monitored
Summary
With the development of internet of things (IOT) in smart systems, an increasing number of wireless monitoring sensors are equipped in the power system to accomplish sensor embedment, data sampling, signal processing, and operating state monitoring [1], [2]. A general solution to this problem is, first of all, to isolate the monitoring sensor during the start-up period, and charge such energy storage elements as capacitors and pumps After both primary current and secondary voltage reach their starting thresholds, power is exported to monitoring sensor [29]–[32]. Once vSC monitored in real time reaches protection action value VOPT , SW is turned ON immediately to short-circuit the secondary DC side of energy harvesting CT and the strong current will be bypassed. It makes the EHC realize the functions of rapid startup, self-hold running, and controlled stop. The PCB of the EHC, which adopts discrete components and blocking layout, is displayed in two-side view in Fig. 13 (b) and Fig. 13 (c)
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