Design and analysis of wideband four-port multiple input multiple output antenna using defective ground structure for 5G communication

Abstract

This research work describes a compact four-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna using defective ground structure (DGS), and it perfectly supports the n77, n78, and n79 frequencies in 5G new radios (NR) bands. It can cover a wideband from 3.4 to 5.4 GHz with good impedance matching. The pair of antenna elements are orientated opposite to another pair with DGS. Due to this technique, it has minimal complexity, is less expensive, and improves isolation. It has also improved the frequency band's reflection coefficient and range using MIMO antenna with different stub lengths. Because it is less expensive, FR-4 substrate is used in the implementation of all antennas. Each antenna element has two identical stubs linked to the primary radiator. On the primary radiating element, a ''HI'' slot is created. The partial ground enhances impedance matching and radiation properties throughout the targeted band. <span>The total dimensions of the four-port MIMO antenna are 46×30×1.6 mm<sup>3</sup>. The array elements' mutual coupling in the simulation is -14 dB. The ECC value is below 0.01, and the diversity gain (DG) is less than 10 dB. The suggested designs' measured gain ranges from 10 to 11.0 dB, and the radiation efficiency is nearly 91%.</span>