Design and analysis of two Dot one Electron QCA Ex-OR gate in logically reversible gate design

Abstract

Priorities of digital industry have changed over decades. Now-a-days nanotechnology grasp the major attention of digital industry. Quantum dot Cellular Automata(QCA) came out to be an efficient nanotechnology which can replace existing technologies in nanoscale. One of the well studied and researched variant of QCA is 4 Dot 2 Electron QCA. In the present scope our complete focus will be on 2 Dot 1 Electron QCA which is an emerging variant of QCA. This paper presents an improved design strategy of Ex-OR gate using 2 Dot 1 Elecron Quantum Cellular Automata(QCA) which consists of only 23 many 2 Dot 1 Electron QCA cells. The proposed design reduces the number of cells in comparison to the existing Ex-OR gate design in [1]. The proposed design of the EX-OR gate not only ensures high degree of compactness but also a huge reduction in the amount of required energy. This design strategy reduces the energy requirement as well as energy dissipation both upto 15 percent. The proposed Ex-OR gate implementation achieves upto 95.83 percent of compactness which is nothing but an index of area utilization. This design methodology of Ex-OR gate can be utilized to design multiple digital logic circuits. In our present perview we use the Ex-OR gate design to implement different reversible logic gates such as Tofolli gate and Feynman gate. We also suggest the design methodology of the Fredkin gate which is a reversible gate. To the best of our knowledge the designs of reversible gates using 2 Dot 1 Electron QCA have not been reported in literature yet. The proposed designs are analyzed with respect to different energy parameters.