Design and Analysis of Terahertz Antenna for Breast Tumor Detection

Abstract

In this paper, two different types of rectangular patch antennas are designed for broadband gigahertz and terahertz applications. First, a patch antenna is modeled using PEC for gigahertz applications. Secondly, a patch antenna is modeled using graphene for terahertz applications. Without exposing the patient to ionizing radiations, malignant lesions can be detected by using the dielectric discontinuities in the tissues. The simulation results show a degraded reflection coefficient due to the use of PEC and graphene. Therefore, the reflection coefficient is above -10 dB at 33 GHz and at 2.6 THz and also VSWR is less than 2 dB in both gigahertz and terahertz. The purpose of this work is to develop a simple, low-cost miniaturized mmWave imaging antenna sensor that can be used to detection of breast tumors or cancers in women by monitoring the changes in the antenna’s S11 parameter. The time-domain solver of CST MWS software is used to evaluate the performance of the patch antennas in both gigahertz and terahertz frequency. In gigahertz we can absorb deflection in the resonant frequency within 1 GHz bandwidth and in terahertz we can absorb deflection in the resonant frequency about 0.005THz bandwidth. The antenna is capable of detecting tiny malignant tumors that size ≥1 mm inside the breast fantom. Other factors like S21,E-Field and farfield are also simulated to measure the efficiency of the antennas designed in both gigahertz and terahertz frequencies. By these results we conclude the antenna can detect tumor presence