Design and Analysis of Op-Amp based 3-Bit R – 2R,4-Bit R–2R & 8-Bit R–2R ladder Digital to Analog Converter using NI-Multisim 14.3

Abstract

Using repetitive arrangements of precision resistor networks in a ladder-like shape, an R-2R Ladder is a quick and low-cost approach to do digital-to-analog conversion. Different resistor levels, an operational amplifier (LM741), and single pole double throw switches were the major building blocks for both circuits. MULTISIM software was used to build both circuits so that the circuit could be tested for its ideal use. The inclusion of both circuits in a real circuit helps with identifying and contrasting each's strengths and drawbacks. Using repetitive arrangements of precision resistor networks in a ladder-like shape, an R-2R Ladder is an easy and affordable approach to accomplish digital-to-analog conversion. The use of Multisim to implement R2R DAC fills the gap between theoretical and practical circuits. Using Multisim, this study presents an accurate, detailed representation of a 3 bit and a 4 bit R2R ladder. The binary's R 2R ladder circuit, which has a percentage inaccuracy of 4.16%, was discovered. Keywords—R2R Ladder, DAC, Staircase, Multisim