Design and Analysis of Oil Pipeline Leakage Detection Model using WDM FBG Sensors through Simulation of Temperature and Strain Effects

Abstract

Petroleum products like oil and gas are transported from one place to another through pipelines. They are facing problem of pipeline leakage and the causes of its posing risk to industries, the environment, and people. To avoid such incidents, we need a reliable technology that can rapidly detect leakages with maximum accuracy. Therefore, we have proposed the Quasi-distributed WDM FBG sensor model for oil pipeline leakage monitoring in this paper. The proposed model use distributed FBG sensors for leakage monitoring via temperature and strain detection near the leak points. The paper is divided into two sections. First, study and select the appropriate FBG parameter for the FBG sensor. Second, design a Quasi-distributed WDM FBG sensor model for pipeline leakage detection. In the first step, we observed that the reflectivity, bandwidth, and peak power depend on the grading length and index modulation. Therefore, after analysis, we pick a 10 mm grating length and 0.0002 index modulation for the FBG sensor. The sensitivity of the temperature sensor can be improved from 14.21 $\mathrm{p}\mathrm{m}/^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ to 28.87 $\mathrm{p}\mathrm{m}/^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ and the hybrid sensor from 86.65 $\mathrm{p}\mathrm{m}/^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ to 101.31 $\mathrm{p}\mathrm{m}/^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ after using the proposed coated FBG sensor. Finally, the maximum Bragg Wavelength $(\lambda_{\mathrm{B}})$ shifts from 155S nm to 155S.509nm, and the reflected power improves from -32.65dBm to -28.60dBm.