Design and Analysis of Compact Multiband Patch Antennas Using Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Wideband Applications

Abstract

This article presents the structural design of compact multiband operational antenna system using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) periodic structures. The proposed design is analyzed for covering WLAN and C band applications with resonating frequencies of 3.32, 4.81 and 6.9 GHz respectively. The antenna designed shows a good approximation to achieve a better return loss and other antenna parameters like bandwidth, gain, directivity and efficiency. The compact antenna suggested is grounded on a substrate material of FR4 epoxy having relative permittivity of 4.4 & dielectric loss tangent of 0.02 maintained with a height of 1.6mm. When periodic EBG structures are placed on either side of the feed line provide enhance in the antenna parameters by suppressing surface waves. The optimal position of EBG structures are analyzed using parametric analysis, which is placed at a distance (g) of 1.45mm on both sides from the feed line. It is observed that, there is an improvement in return loss of 9 dB when compared to the antenna structure of without EBG structure. The entire antenna design performance is analyzed using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) tool.