Design and Analysis of a Short-Term Sensing-Based Resource Selection Scheme for C-V2X Networks

Abstract

The cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) networks can support direct vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications via sidelink/PC5 interface without cellular infrastructure support. The sensing-based semipersistent scheduling (SPS) scheme is to allow vehicles to autonomously reserve and select radio resources. However, the common sensing nature of the distributed SPS algorithm gives rise to that C-V2X distributed communications can be challenged by the resource selection collisions, especially in aperiodic traffic, which results in low reliability. In this article, we propose a short-term sensing-based resource selection (STS-RS) scheme to reduce packet collisions due to resource contention, where a short-term sensing duration is configured at the beginning of the resource unit right before resource selection, and whether the packet is ultimately transmitted on the selected resource depends on the sensing result. Furthermore, analysis models of the performance for the proposed STS-RS scheme and SPS scheme defined in C-V2X mode 4 are investigated. Finally, simulations and numerical results show that the STS-RS scheme significantly reduces the packet collisions and increases the C-V2X direct communication performance compared to the SPS scheme.