Abstract
Artificial granite material has been used for construction of the high-precision machine due to superior damping ability. However, its lower material stiffness also lessens the application in fabrication of the machine tool. The purpose of this study was therefore aimed to verify the structure performance of the machine tool reformed with artificial granite material, instead of the casting iron. To gain insight into the optimized configuration of the vertical columns and spindle head stock, the static and dynamic characteristics of the machine models with cast iron and granite composites were predicted for comparison. With this, evaluations of the machine with different design were made to examine the experimental measurements on the prototype machine. According to the simulation results and experimental measurements, the static stiffness of the machine tool reformed with granite material is comparable to the original casting machine, differed by 8% approximately. However, granite machine shows superior dynamic stiffness, about 0.5–1.3 times of the conventional casting machine. This study verifies the feasibility and effectiveness in fabrication of the machine tool with the artificial composite material and provides the improvements for further fabrications.
Highlights
Nowadays, a variety of machine tools have been broadly applied in different industries for fabricating various components or products, including metal parts for machinery, biomedical engineering, and green industries
The demand for low price and high capability are urgently desired by customers facing the global market competition. This prompts the manufacturer to seek innovative design of the machine tools which can be operated at higher cutting speeds with high precisions and efficiency; reducing production costs and enhancing the structure performance of machine tools are another key issue needed to be concerned at this moment
Considering thermal effect from the spindle during long-term operation, the use of artificial granite material in constructing the machine tool structure has been regarded as a good substitute, instead of the cast iron
Summary
A variety of machine tools have been broadly applied in different industries for fabricating various components or products, including metal parts for machinery, biomedical engineering, and green industries. Regarding the application of the variety of available materials, machine tool structure made with candidate materials are mainly expected to satisfy the low-cost demands and increasing processing efficiency.[16] Basically, the deformation of machine tool structures under cutting forces and structural loads are responsible for the poor quality of products and vibration produced in operation. To improve both the static and dynamic characteristics, the machine tool structures should have high static stiffness and damping ability. This can help the designer to understand the possible conditions and problems before producing machine tools and provide the improvements for further fabrications
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