Design a green closed loop supply chain network by considering discount under uncertainty

Abstract

The mathematical model of a multi-product multi-period multi-echelon closed-loop supply chain network design under uncertainty is designed in this paper. The designed network consists of raw material suppliers, plants, warehouses, distribution centers, and customer zones in forward chain and collection centers, repair centers, recovery/decomposition center, and disposal center in the reverse chain. The goal of the model is to determine the quantities of products and raw material transported between the supply chain entities in each period by considering different transportation mode, the number and locations of the potential facilities, the shortage of products in each period, and the inventory of products in warehouses and plants with considering discount and uncertainty parameters. The robust possibilistic optimization approach was used to control the uncertainty parameter. At the end to solve the proposed model, five meta-heuristic algorithms include genetic algorithm, bee colony algorithm, simulated annealing, imperial competitive algorithm, and particle swarm optimization are utilized. Finally, some numerical illustrations are provided to compare the proposed algorithms. The results show the genetic algorithm is an efficient algorithm for solving the designed model in this paper.