Abstract
A large portion of the earth’s surface consists of arid, semi-arid and hyper-arid lands. Life in these regions is profoundly challenged by harsh environmental conditions of water limitation, high levels of solar radiation and temperature fluctuations, along with soil salinity and nutrient deficiency, which have serious consequences on plant growth and survival. In recent years, plants that grow in such extreme environments and their naturally associated beneficial microbes have attracted increased interest. The rhizosphere, rhizosheath, endosphere, and phyllosphere of desert plants display a perfect niche for isolating novel microbes. They are well adapted to extreme environments and offer an unexploited reservoir for bio-fertilizers and bio-control agents against a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses that endanger diverse agricultural ecosystems. Their properties can be used to improve soil fertility, increase plant tolerance to various environmental stresses and crop productivity as well as benefit human health and provide enough food for a growing human population in an environment-friendly manner. Several initiatives were launched to discover the possibility of using beneficial microbes. In this review, we will be describing the efforts to explore the bacterial diversity associated with desert plants in the arid, semi-arid, and hyper-arid regions, highlighting the latest discoveries and applications of plant growth promoting bacteria from the most studied deserts around the world.
Highlights
Reviewed by: Jesús Muñoz-Rojas, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Mexico Jose Felix Aguirre Garrido, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Lerma, Mexico
The results revealed a large diversity of bacterial communities found among the five samples (Pt, Tt, Tp, Zs, and Ss), where the most abundant members belonged to the Proteobacteria phylum in the rhizosphere of Tp, Tt and Zs, while the Pt sample had 79.1% bacterial members belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum, with 68.1% of the OTUs are of the genus Flavobacterium
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the North African deserts such as Sahara Desert are under extensive research, where several studies identified potential plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains from different sources such as soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere, which can help different plant species against abiotic and biotic stresses imposed by these extreme conditions
Summary
Edited by: Luis Ernesto Fuentes-Ramírez, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Mexico. A large portion of the earth’s surface consists of arid, semi-arid and hyper-arid lands. Life in these regions is profoundly challenged by harsh environmental conditions of water limitation, high levels of solar radiation and temperature fluctuations, along with soil salinity and nutrient deficiency, which have serious consequences on plant growth and survival. The rhizosphere, rhizosheath, endosphere, and phyllosphere of desert plants display a perfect niche for isolating novel microbes They are well adapted to extreme environments and offer an unexploited reservoir for bio-fertilizers and bio-control agents against a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses that endanger diverse agricultural ecosystems. The Mojave, Sonora and the Chihuahua deserts are located in
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