Desenvolvimento de substratos alternativos para o cultivo de cogumelos comestíveis e medicinal

Abstract

With the objective of evaluating the potential of residues from cassava industry, in the elaboration of substrate for the cultivation of the Pleurotus sajor-caju, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus blazei, were made assays using cassava residues, eucalyptus and pinus sawdust, in solid (potatodextrose- agar-PDA) and liquid media (PD). For this, the dextrose (2%) was replaced by cassava bark, starch residue and cassava fiber, pinus and eucalyptus sawdust, and with the following combination: I (50% eucalyptus sawdust (ES) + 25% cassava bark (CB) + 25% starch residue (ER)), II (25% ES + 50% CB + 25% ER) and III (25% ES + 25% CB + 50% ER). PDA and PD were used as control to solid and liquid media treatments, respectively. To evaluate the basidiocarps production, L. edodes and P. sajor-caju were cultived in the composition I, II and III into polypropylene bags (15 x 24 cm). The results showed that, in the solid medium, the bark and fiber of cassava increased the mycelial growth, while the bark and starch were the best treatments in liquid medium. Using the mixtures of residues, the composition II in solid medium, and the composition I in liquid medium, were the treatments that most increased the mycelial growth. For L. edodes, no substratum provided the production of mushrooms, occurring only the formation of young basidiocarps that was more intense in substratum I. For P. sajor-caju, in the substratum I it had the biggest production of basidiocarps followed of substratum II. These results indicate the potential of cassava residues for the cultivation of the Pleurotus sajor-caju, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus blazei.