Desempenho da cultura do milho implantada sobre resíduos culturais de leguminosas de verão em sistema plantio direto

Abstract

The no-tillage system management is considered as an agricultural system very close to sustainability, since it causes less impact to the environment. The crops rotation, when well managed, includes the use of green manure; and leguminous are included in this system as they bring a number of benefits. This context, the study aimed tested leguminous as cover plants on soil with a no-tillage system regarding the growth, yield and maize seeds quality. This decision-making looks for alternatives that contribute for the agroecosystem sustainability, since they allow rational adoption of green manure in production units. The experiment was carried out in the field with leguminous species dwarf mucuna beans, dwarf pigeon pea and stylosanthes, sown in October 2007, in 4 x 5 m plots, with five replications. At 90 days after the cover crops sowing, the leguminous plants were grazed and corn plants were sown 15 days after grazing on waste. The plants heights were determined during the culture development. At the laboratory, after harvest, the productivity and physiological quality of seeds were determined. The experimental design was completely randomized and the averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% of significance. At 60 days after the maize crop sowing, the treatments with dwarf mucuna beans and dwarf pigeon pea showed higher heights. The other analyzed parameters did not differ among themselves, showing that the treatments not interfere on the maize crop. Actually, it is an alternative to the integrated management of species concerning the summer green manure and crop rotation in no-tillage system.