Abstract
BackgroundSchizophrenia is a relatively common disease worldwide with a point prevalence of around 5/1000 in the population. The aim of this present work was to assess the demographic, clinical, familial, and environmental factors associated with schizophrenia in Mali.MethodsThis was a prospective descriptive study on a series of 164 patients aged at least 12 years who came for a follow-up consultation at the psychiatry department of the University Hospital Center (CHU) Point G in Mali between February 2019 and January 2020 for schizophrenia spectrum disorder as defined by DSM-5 diagnostic criteria.ResultsOur results revealed that the male sex was predominant (80.5%). The 25–34 age group was more represented with 44.5%. The place of birth for the majority of our patients was the urban area (52.4%), which also represented the place of the first year of life for the majority of our patients (56.1%). We noted that the unemployed and single people accounted for 56.1 and 61% respectively. More than half of our patients 58.5% reported having reached secondary school level. With the exception of education level, there was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of demographic parameters. Familial schizophrenia cases accounted for 51.7% versus 49.3% for non-familial cases. The different clinical forms were represented by the paranoid form, followed by the undifferentiated form, and the hebephrenic form with respectively 34, 28 and 17.1%. We noted that almost half (48.8%) of patients were born during the cold season. Cannabis use history was not observed in 68.7% of the patients. The proportions of patients with an out-of-school father or an out-of-school mother were 51.2 and 64.2%, respectively.ConclusionThe onset of schizophrenia in the Malian population has been associated with socio-demographic, clinical, genetic and environmental characteristics.
Highlights
Schizophrenia is a relatively common disease worldwide with a point prevalence of around 5/1000 in the population
Diagnostic concepts of schizophrenia are important in the management of the patient at the individual level as well as in the research of risk factors and mechanisms of causality [5]
Each participant received a detailed explanation about the study and was invited to give informed consent. This is a prospective descriptive study involving a series of 164 patients aged at least 15 years followed on an outpatient basis for at least 1 year for a schizophrenia spectrum disorders such as schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder and schizoaffective disorder according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
Summary
Schizophrenia is a relatively common disease worldwide with a point prevalence of around 5/1000 in the population. The aim of this present work was to assess the demographic, clinical, familial, and environmental factors associated with schizophrenia in Mali. Schizophrenia is a relatively common condition worldwide with a point prevalence of approximately 5/1000 in the population [1]. The clinical manifestations of schizophrenia are include delusions, hallucinations and disorganized speech [2]. These clinical features are interpreted as a supernatural fact from the point of view of cultural beliefs [3]. Diagnostic concepts of schizophrenia are important in the management of the patient at the individual level as well as in the research of risk factors and mechanisms of causality [5]
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