Abstract
BackgroundGlobally, an estimate of 254,928 measles cases in 2015 and 89,780 deaths in 2016 occur annually. In Nigeria, measles is the fifth leading causes of under-five child mortality with 342 confirmed cases found in the first 9 epidemic weeks in some states including Osun State. We described the distribution, trend and make projection of measles cases in Osun State.MethodsThe Osun State surveillance weekly reporting data on measles cases from all its 30 Local Government Area (LGA) were reviewed, from January 2016 to December 2018 (n = 1205). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multiplicative time series model (MTSM). The MTSM was used to determine the trend, seasonality in the data and make projections for 2019 and 2020.ResultsCases of measles were reported across the 30 LGAs of the state between January 2016 and December 2018. The rate of reported cases of measles was 20.2, 34.4 and 28.8 per 100,000 populations in 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively in Ede south LGA where the highest rates were reported in the 3-year period. Out of the three studied years, year 2017, recorded the highest number of reported cases of measles in Osun State. The trend line for the 3-year period showed a positive correlation (r = + 0.4979, p = 0.056). The computed quarterly variation for the studied years was 1.094 for the 1st quarter, 1.162 for the 2nd quarter, 0.861 for the 3rd quarter and 0.888 for the 4th quarter. A quarterly projection for 2019 and 2020 showed an increasing trend with the second quarter of each year likely to have the highest reported cases of measles.ConclusionsEde south LGA has the highest proportion of reported measles cases in Osun State. Measles cases may increase in years ahead, but the second quarter of a year has the highest number. Government should strengthen the existing framework on measles reduction and more attention should be given to the second quarter of each year.
Highlights
An estimate of 254,928 measles cases in 2015 and 89,780 deaths in 2016 occur annually
The total number of suspected cases of measles reported in Osun state between January 2016 and December 2018 were 1205 across the 30 local government area of the state
For the period under review, Ede south Local Government Area (LGA) had the largest rate of reported measles cases of 20.4 in 2016, 34.4 in 2017 and 28.8 in 2018 per 100,000 populations, followed by Ifedayo, Boluwaduro and Ife central LGA respectively (Fig. 1) see (Additional file 1)
Summary
An estimate of 254,928 measles cases in 2015 and 89,780 deaths in 2016 occur annually. In Nigeria, measles is the fifth leading causes of under-five child mortality with 342 confirmed cases found in the first 9 epidemic weeks in some states including Osun State. Sub-Saharan African countries have the highest morbidity and mortality associated with the disease [9]. In this Africa sub-region, the CFR ranges from 3 to 5% but can increase to about 30% during severe outbreaks [9]. In Nigeria, measles exhibits a seasonal pattern with incidence increasing during the dry season, usually between November and May [10] and the disease remains the fifth leading cause of underfive child mortality in the country [11]
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