Abstract
In this study, four new dextral camaenid from China are reported, based on shell morphology, reproductive system anatomy, and molecular phylogenetic analyses: Camaenafuningensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaenagaolongensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaenamaguanensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov., and Camaenayulinensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions of the morphological characteristics including shells and genitalia, DNA sequences, and living environments of the four new species are provided, with further comparisons with congeners.
Highlights
The genus Camaena was established by Albers (1850)
C. funingensis sp. nov. thin light yellowish brown carinate clear only 1/5 covered ovate terminally, one clear crack on the surface extending from the end to the base
We describe four new species of dextral Camaena snails, namely C. funingensis sp. nov., C. gaolongensis sp. nov., C. maguanensis sp. nov. and C. yulinensis sp. nov., which are distinguished from their congeners by their shell morphologies, especially the low and flat shell shape, the large open umbilicus, the acute and carinate periphery of the body whorl, as well as features in their reproductive systems and molecular characteristics
Summary
The genus Camaena was established by Albers (1850). It is the speciose type genus in the family Camaenidae, with the type species Helix cicatricosa Müller, 1774. Anatomical and molecular studies of Camaena are rare, except for the sinistral and the newly described species (Chen and Zhang 1999; Ai et al 2016; Ding et al 2016; Páll-Gergely et al 2016; Wu et al 2019). Group I possesses an acute and moderate carina on the body whorl This group could be further divided into two categories by shell height i.e., a relatively low and flat spire, which includes C. longsonensis (Morlet, 1891), C. jinpingensis Chen, Zhang & Li, 1990 and C. vorvonga (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1900); a relatively high spire, e.g., C. vayssierei (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1909). The authors have examined many specimens collected in Guangxi and Yunnan in southern China between 2013 and 2015, and discovered four new dextral species on the basis of morphological, anatomical, and molecular evidence, and living environments
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