Abstract
Abstract. The Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) was implemented by the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) starting observations with nine stations in 1992, under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Currently, 59 BSRN stations submit their data to the WCRP. One of these stations is the Izaña station (station IZA, no. 61) that enrolled in this network in 2009. This is a high-mountain station located in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain, at 28.3∘ N, 16.5∘ W; 2373 m a.s.l.) and is a representative site of the subtropical North Atlantic free troposphere. It contributes with basic-BSRN radiation measurements, such as global shortwave radiation (SWD), direct radiation (DIR), diffuse radiation (DIF) and longwave downward radiation (LWD), and extended-BSRN measurements, including ultraviolet ranges (UV-A and UV-B), shortwave upward radiation (SWU) and longwave upward radiation (LWU), and other ancillary measurements, such as vertical profiles of temperature, humidity and wind obtained from radiosonde profiles (WMO station no. 60018) and total column ozone from the Brewer spectrophotometer. The IZA measurements present high-quality standards since more than 98 % of the data are within the limits recommended by the BSRN. There is an excellent agreement in the comparison between SWD, DIR and DIF (instantaneous and daily) measurements with simulations obtained with the LibRadtran radiative transfer model. The root mean square error (RMSE) for SWD is 2.28 % for instantaneous values and 1.58 % for daily values, while the RMSE for DIR is 2.00 % for instantaneous values and 2.07 % for daily values. IZA is a unique station that provides very accurate solar radiation data in very contrasting scenarios: most of the time under pristine sky conditions and periodically under the effects of the Saharan air layer characterized by a high content of mineral dust. A detailed description of the BSRN program at IZA, including quality control and quality assurance activities, is given in this work.
Highlights
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) through its Global Change Observing System (GCOS) defined several essential climate variables (ECVs) as physical, chemical or biological variables or a group of linked variables that critically contributes to the characterization of Earth’s climate
The extended-Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) measurements included in the Izaña BSRN (IZA) BSRN program are shortwave upward radiation (SWU), ultraviolet measurements (UV-A and UV-B) and longwave upward radiation (LWU) (Table 2)
We have found that < 1 % of all radiation measurements at IZA are outside the physically possible limits (PPLs) and extremely rare limits (ERLs) limits between 2009 and 2017 for solar zenith angles (SZAs) < 90◦
Summary
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) through its Global Change Observing System (GCOS) defined several essential climate variables (ECVs) as physical, chemical or biological variables or a group of linked variables that critically contributes to the characterization of Earth’s climate. With the aim to obtain data with the best possible quality, in the 1990s, efforts were made to establish measurement networks around the Earth with high-quality requirements to avoid introducing undesirable uncertainties in the long-term series In this context, the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) was proposed in 1980 by the WMO and created in 1992 to provide accurate irradiances at selected sites around the Earth, with a high temporal resolution.
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