Description of Risk Factors Affecting Neonatal Jaundice

Abstract

Background: Bilirubin is a chemical compound that is a product of catabolism by biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment compound. Increased bilirubin levels in babies' blood will cause neonatal jaundice and changes in skin and sclera color in babies. This study aims to determine the risk factors that influence neonatal jaundice Methods: This research used correlational analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design, using medical records of birth and jaundice babies at Gatot Subroto Army Hospital, Hermina Depok Hospital, and Hermina Kemayoran Hospital in the period January 2023 - June 2023. The total sample was 300 samples. The research instruments and materials used in this study were medical records of babies experiencing jaundice at Gatot Subroto Army Hospital, Hermina Depok Hospital, and Hermina Kemayoran Hospital. Results: Based on data analysis of several factors that have the potential to have a relationship with Neonatal Jaundice, namely: gender, type of delivery, birth weight, consumption of breast milk/formula milk, and gestational age, the results of data analysis were obtained using chi-square where for the gender factor the value was obtained. p_value 0.000 < 0.005, meaning that there is a significant relationship between gender and neonatal jaundice; for the type of delivery factor, the p-value was 0.188 < 0.005, meaning that there was no significant relationship between the type of delivery and the incidence of Neonatal Jaundice; For the birth weight factor, data was obtained with a p-value of 0.118 > 0.005, meaning that there was no significant relationship between birth weight and neonatal jaundice; Factors of consumption of breast milk/milk//formula milk on neonatal jaundice; Furthermore, the maternal gestational age factor has a p-value of 0.494>0.005, meaning that there is no significant relationship between the maternal gestational age factor and neonatal jaundice. Conclusions: Of the six factors studied, two factors have a significant relationship to neonatal jaundice, namely gender and consumption of breast milk/formula milk Keywords: Bilirubin, Neonatal Jaundice, Risk Factors