Description of an integrated management system for invasive mosquitoes at entry-exit ports in Zhejiang, China

Tianci Yang,Wei Zheng,Cheng Li,Xuechun Cao,Jun Qian,Jianmin Yang,Xiaobin Zhang,Yili Lin,Runzi Qi,Guojun Xie,Xiang Ma,Bin Yu,Zhonghua Wu,Jie Li,Limin Wang

doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3709-z

Abstract

BackgroundAs mosquitoes are one of the most harmful creatures in the world, recent high-frequency interceptions of invasive mosquito species have emphasized the need to enhance the biological security of the Zhejiang Province in China. As such, an integrated management system should be implemented to monitor the vectors of mosquito-borne diseases during data digitization and the processing of permanent E-forms and provide an online one-stop identification service.MethodsThis system is a semi-open network built on the latest Microsoft.NET Framework, Active Server Page.NET (ASP.NET) and Internet Information Services (IIS) for the Windows 2000 service as a basic infrastructure platform. This creates a physical separation between the data input as the back-page intranet and the online automated Lucid identification as the front-page internet through the digital interchange platform and security firewall.ResultsThis system mainly comprises three core modules: automated statistical analysis of operational data, online vector identification and digital specimen storage management, in addition to accessory modules. The joint analysis of invasive and native data collected between 2011 and 2017 at 14 surveillance points in the Zhejiang Province, excluding Ningbo Port, provided insights into the geographical differences in species abundance and the dynamic nature of seasonal interception within the statistical analysis module. Most importantly, multi-access keys to mosquitoes based on Lucid software were loaded in the module for vector identification. Subscribers can utilize this procedure for the online identification of 2 subfamilies, 10 genera and 33 mosquitoes by selecting any typical morphological feature in the classification system that matches the current images at hand.ConclusionsOur report suggests that this system can enhance the ability to master the basic information on invasive mosquitoes and satisfy the increasing requirements for public health safety in the integrated management of vector-borne diseases.

Highlights

As mosquitoes are one of the most harmful creatures in the world, recent high-frequency interceptions of invasive mosquito species have emphasized the need to enhance the biological security of the Zhejiang Province in China
The interception frequency of invasive mosquitoes has rapidly increased since 2004, including the yellow fever vector Aedes aegypti (2010; Zhoushan), malaria vector Anopheles jeyporiensis (2011; Quzhou) and Japanese encephalitis vector Culex gelidus (2016; Hangzhou), which have been captured from international aircrafts, ships, containers and commodities at outbound or inbound ports in Zhejiang
When subscribers from the surveillance points are authorized to log into the intranet, they submit the online task application and mission contents by clicking one of the icons corresponding to vector surveillance, sample identification detection, data for statistical analysis, specimen management or internet publishing from the left menu

Summary

Introduction

As mosquitoes are one of the most harmful creatures in the world, recent high-frequency interceptions of invasive mosquito species have emphasized the need to enhance the biological security of the Zhejiang Province in China. Certain harmful mosquitoes are the primary vectors of malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, chikungunya, West Nile, Zika and Japanese encephalitis, and lymphatic filariasis. The recent high frequency of interceptions of exotic mosquito species has emphasized the need to enhance the biological security of the Zhejiang Province, located in the southeastern coastal region of China. The interception frequency of invasive mosquitoes has rapidly increased since 2004, including the yellow fever vector Aedes aegypti (2010; Zhoushan), malaria vector Anopheles jeyporiensis (2011; Quzhou) and Japanese encephalitis vector Culex gelidus (2016; Hangzhou), which have been captured from international aircrafts, ships, containers and commodities at outbound or inbound ports in Zhejiang. Three significant outbreaks of dengue occurred in 2004, 2009 and 2017, respectively, in Zhejiang Province [4]

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