Description dermoscopique des manifestations cutaneous de la maladie de Behcet

Abstract

This study involved four patients followed up for Behçet´s disease. The average age of patients was 20.5 years and the sex ratio M/F=0.33. Clinical examination showed skin ulcerations with multiple manifestations on the trunk, legs, pubis of variable sizes (the largest one measured 8 cm). Ulcerations were well-defined with irregular budding shape and clean surface covered with bleeding crusts. Dermoscopy of lesions revealed similarities. It showed central erosion surrounded by a circle with pink-white bottom with a white radiant halo, linear and central hairpin vessels as well as peripheral glomerular vessels creating a global star or target images (A). Behçet´s disease is a systemic vasculitis with skin manifestations. Dermoscopy of these skin lesions has never been reported in the literature. This study highlights that histological examination of the central erosion shows fibrinoid necrosis secondary to intravascular thrombus, histological examination of hairpin vascularization shows superficial infiltration at the level of the dermal papilla with vascular dilation and perivascular inflammatory cells of the lymphocytes and the neutrophils as well as histological examination of glomerular vascularization shows extensive dilation of vessels with endothelial cell swelling.