Abstract
In the process of oil and gas well drilling and completion, under the action of positive pressure gradient or self-absorption, drilling and completion fluid solid phase particles block the reservoir pore and form the filter cake. The filter cake plays a vital role in reservoir protection, and is closely related to the oil and gas well productivity from cake formation to remove. The filter cake is always expected to be thin, tough, with low permeability and easy to remove. Many scholars made a lot of research from the filter cake layer structure, space truss structure, pore structure and the structure of fractal structure of filter cake. However, the researches on the structure of the filter cake are mainly conducted qualitatively at home and abroad, while the quantitative research progress is slow. At the same time, the research on the relationship between the filter cake structure and its performance is also relatively weak. In recent years, with the wide application of horizontal wells, it has called widespread attention on how to effectively remove filter cake in order to improve the oil and gas well production capacity at home and abroad. The widely-used filter cake removal technology mainly includes natural clear, mechanical removal, chemical removal and biological removal technology currently. Among them, the biological removal technology is developed in recent years as a new type of filter cake removal technology. With the further development of mud cake removal technology and downhole filter cake removing circumstance with increasing complexity, a single filter cake removal technology cannot completely meet the requirements. The filter cake removal technology is developing in the direction of the composite to clear, in order to obtain ideal filter cake removal effect.
Highlights
In the whole process of the exploration and development of oil and gas wells, the well fluid is under the action of pressure difference or self-priming, through reservoir porosity into the reservoir
The filter cake which we usually mention generally refers to the drilling completion fluid filter cake, which is widespread in the process of oil and gas wells in the drilling and completion, and the damage to the reservoir and that has important effects on the oil and gas well production capacity
Xu Xinyang used SM505 scanning electron microscope and IDASKAT380 automatic image analyzer and other modern testing methods, testing the structure of filter cake formed under different conditions, and from the fractal theory, the fractal characteristics of [23] filter cake structure
Summary
In the whole process of the exploration and development of oil and gas wells, the well fluid (such as drilling completion fluid, fracturing fluid and injected water, etc.) is under the action of pressure difference or self-priming, through reservoir porosity into the reservoir. After a period of time, the solid phase particles blocking the pore formed filter cake Since and they can only filtrate invasion of reservoir. The thin, flexible and low permeable filter cake formed on the wall can reduce and prevent the damage of solid phase invasion and water phase trap, and improve the ability of the porosity logging recognition of tight sandstone. It could stop work fluid pressure transmit to the formation, and stable the sidewall formation pore pressure to the original state pore pressure, prevent the extension of reservoir fracture (weaken or eliminate the stress sensitivity of reservoir). It is very important to study the microstructure, performance of the filter cake, figure out how to effectively clean the tight filter cake and recover the permeability of reservoir
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