Abstract
BackgroundThe oral cavity has been frequently described as the only site of involvement or as the first manifestation of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), being the gingival tissues often involved, but usually this has been effusively detailed in limited case series. This is a retrospective evaluation of the gingival involvement in 182 Italian patients with oral MMP.Material and MethodsThe diagnosis of MMP was established by both clinical morphology and direct immunofluorescence finding. Patient information (age, gender, risk factors and medical status) and parameters of manifestation (lesions’ distribution, site and type) were detailed.ResultsThe mean age was 62 years for women (n=137) and 67 years for men (n=45). Patients had several sites of oral involvement; the gingiva was the most common one, affecting 151 patients (82.96%; 119 f - 32 m). Female subjects had more possibilities to develop gingival lesions than male patients (P = 0.005). Sixty-five patients (35.7%; 58 f - 7 m) had pure gingival involvement. Patients with lower gingival involvement statistically had more complaints (P = 0.006).ConclusionsThis report is one of the largest about predominantly oral MMP cases, detailing the very frequent gingival involvement; this could be crucial not only for oral medicine specialists but also for primary dental healthcare personnel and for periodontists. Key words:Mucous membrane pemphigoid, gingival status, clinical features.
Highlights
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) describes a mixed group of chronic and inflammatory diseases presenting macroscopically with various oral, ocular, skin, genital, naso-pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions
Background: The oral cavity has been frequently described as the only site of involvement or as the first manifestation of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), being the gingival tissues often involved, but usually this has been effusively detailed in limited case series
Gingival MMP is usually described with diffuse erythematous lesions, blisters, erosions or ulcerations, mainly located on the attached gingiva and on the palate; the occurrence of epithelial desquamation, erythema, and erosive lesions on the gingival tissue is described in literature as “desquamative gingivitis” (DG) [5,6,7]
Summary
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) describes a mixed group of chronic and inflammatory diseases presenting macroscopically with various oral, ocular, skin, genital, naso-pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions. The oral cavity has been repeatedly described as the only site of involvement or as the first manifestation of the disease [4], being the gingival tissues often involved, but usually this has been effusively detailed in limited case series. The oral cavity has been frequently described as the only site of involvement or as the first manifestation of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), being the gingival tissues often involved, but usually this has been effusively detailed in limited case series. This is a retrospective evaluation of the gingival involvement in 182 Italian patients with oral MMP. Conclusions: This report is one of the largest about predominantly oral MMP cases, detailing the very frequent gingival involvement; this could be crucial for oral medicine specialists and for primary dental healthcare personnel and for periodontists
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