Abstract
<p><strong>Background</strong>: Green post-harvest sugarcane residues (<em>Saccharum officinarum</em>) present low rates of decomposition and N release in the short term when integrated into the production system. Combining <em>S. officinarum</em> residues with the foliage of local plants rich in nitrogen could be an alternative to accelerate the decomposition process of residues with a positive impact on soil conservation. <strong>Objective</strong>: To evaluate and compare the decomposition patterns and potential release of N to the soil of the residues of <em>S. officinarum</em> variety MEX 69-290, with the addition of different foliage such as <em>Clitoria ternatea</em>, <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> and <em>Tithonia diversifolia</em>, in southern Quintana Roo. <strong>Methodology</strong>: The treatments evaluated were the following: Clitoria + MEX 69-290, Leucaena + MEX 69-290, Tithonia + MEX 69-290, and MEX 69-290 (control). The materials were placed in decomposition bags and incubated on the ground in four periods (15, 30, 60 and 120 days), in a completely randomized design. The contents of dry matter, nitrogen and lignin were determined for the initial and remaining material in each period. <strong>Results</strong>: With the integration of local plants, a significant increase in the percentage of decomposition and release of N was obtained. After 120 days of evaluation, the decomposition values were 71.3, 50.4, 48.1 and 33.5%, for the Tithonia + MEX 69-290, Clitoria + MEX 69-290, Leucaena + MEX 69-290, and MEX 69-290 control, respectively. Likewise, the potential N release values were 98.2, 95.3, 92.9 and 58.7%, for Tithonia + MEX 69-290, Leucaena + MEX 69-290, Clitoria + MEX 69-290, and MEX 69-290 control. The Tithonia + MEX 69-290 treatment had the highest relative decomposition rate (0.009 g g<sup>-1</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>) and a high potential N release rate (0.053 g g<sup>-1</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>), compared to the other treatments. <strong>Implications</strong>: The integration of N-rich plants can increase the decomposition and release of N from sugarcane residues, with potential in plant assimilation from the first crop cycle, reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer and increase sugarcane yields. in the region. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The combination of <em>S. officinarum</em> residues with foliage of local plants, particularly <em>T. diversifolia</em>, could be considered a viable strategy to accelerate the decomposition process and release of N in residues on the edaphoclimatic conditions of southern Quintana Roo.</p>
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