Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Eyes With Chronic Ocular Hypotony Following Glaucoma Surgery

Abstract

To assess the outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with ocular hypotony after glaucoma surgery. retrospective case series. Setting: Multicenter retrospective case series. Hypotonic eyes with prior glaucoma surgery that underwent DMEK between January 2013 and July 2019 in Israel (2 centers) and Canada (1 center). Pre/postoperative corrected distance visual acuity, complications, 3- to 6-month endothelial cell loss, and intraocular pressure (IOP). The study included 11 DMEK procedures performed in 10 eyes of 4 males and 6 females aged 65-84 years. Indications for DMEK included 7 cases of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, 2 cases of failed DMEK, and 1 case of failed Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty. All patients had at least 1 previous trabeculectomy operation. One patient had 2 trabeculectomy procedures and 1 tube placement procedure. Two patients had 1 previous trabeculectomy and 1 tube placement procedure. The corrected distance visual acuity improved significantly from 1.52 ± 0.68 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution preoperatively to 0.49 ± 0.32 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution 3 months postoperatively (P < .001). Rebubbling occurred in 3 of 11 procedures (27%). Endothelial cell loss 6-12 months postoperatively was 60% ± 16% (range, 41%-89%). At the last follow-up visit, 6 of 11 (54%) of the grafts were clear. The remaining 5 grafts failed at 1-4 years postoperatively. The preoperative IOP was 5.1 ± 1.6 mm Hg (range, 1-7 mm Hg). In all but one patient, the postoperative IOP did not increase to more than 13 mm Hg. In 2 cases, the IOP decreased from 5 and 7 mm Hg preoperatively to 1 mm Hg 1 year postoperatively. DMEK is a valid procedure for the treatment of corneal edema in hypotonic eyes after glaucoma procedures. These eyes benefit from improvement in vision after DMEK.