Dermatoses of Pregnancy: Overview of Presentation, Treatment and Outcome

Abstract

Dermatoses of pregnancy encompass a range of skin disorders that manifest uniquely during the gestational period, characterized by significant itching. This review delves into four primary types: polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, pemphigoid gestationis, atopic eruption of pregnancy, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. While atopic eruption and polymorphic eruption are generally benign with no fetal impact, pemphigoid gestationis and intrahepatic cholestasis carry risks for the fetus, including prematurity and stillbirth. Key challenges include the difficulty in early diagnosis of pemphigoid gestationis due to its resemblance to polymorphic eruption and the increased risk of complications like gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia in intrahepatic cholestasis. Understanding these dermatoses is crucial for prompt diagnosis and effective treatment, to prevent adverse outcomes for mothers and babies and improve the overall pregnancy experience. The review focuses on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods, maternal and fetal outcomes, treatment options, and comprehensive management strategies for these conditions.