Abstract
Skin dermis comprises extracellular matrix components, mainly collagen fibers. A decrease in collagen synthesis caused by several factors, including ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and stress, eventually causes extrinsic skin aging. Olfactory receptors (ORs) were initially considered to be specifically expressed in nasal tissue, but several ORs have been reported to be present in other tissues, and their biological roles have recently received increasing attention. In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of ORs in cell survival and collagen synthesis in dermal fibroblasts. We confirmed that UVB irradiation and dexamethasone exposure significantly decreased cell survival and collagen synthesis in Hs68 dermal fibroblasts. Moreover, we demonstrated that the mRNA expression of 10 ORs detectable in Hs68 cells was significantly downregulated in aged conditions compared with that in normal conditions. Thereafter, by individual knockdown of the 10 candidate ORs, we identified that only OR51B5 knockdown leads to a reduction of cell survival and collagen synthesis. OR51B5 knockdown decreased cAMP levels and dampened the downstream protein kinase A/cAMP-response element binding protein pathway, downregulating the survival- and collagen synthesis-related genes in the dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, OR51B5 may be an interesting candidate that plays a role in cell survival and collagen synthesis.
Highlights
Viability irradiation or dexamethasone treatmentonefficiently in dermal fibroblasts in basis of previous studies we first attempted to confirm whether UV
We further examined whether these factors affect collagen synthesis in Hs68 cells
We found that collagen type 1 alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) mRNA levels were greatly decreased in UVB‐irradiated or Dex‐treated Hs68 cells, which is consistent with the decreased collagen content (Figure 2B)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The dermis mainly comprises extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including collagens, which account for 90% dry weight of the skin. Dermal collagen is synthesized by dermal fibroblasts and is responsible for the tensile strength and mechanical characteristics of the skin. Reduced collagen synthesis due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors results in skin aging, including wrinkle formation, sagging, and laxity [1,2]. The disorganization of the dermal ECM has significant repercussions well beyond cosmetic alterations to the skin, and it has been suggested that aging locally occurring in the dermal
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