Abstract
The spectrophotometric multi-component analysis involves spectrum recording and mathematical equations. However, spectral interference poses a major limitation when mixture samples are encountered. To overcome this derivative spectrophotometry (DS) has been introduced for the resolution of overlapping peaks.
 In this review modified methods like derivative quotient spectra, double divisor ratio spectra derivative method, double divisor means centering of ratio spectra method, derivative subtraction coupled with the constant multiplication method (DS-CM), amplitude subtraction (AS), modified amplitude subtraction (MAS), amplitude factor method (P-Factor), amplitude modulation method (AM), amplitude summation method (A-Sum), simultaneous derivative ratio spectrophotometry (S1DD), derivative compensation ratio via regression equation, differential dual wavelength (D1 DWL), differential derivative ratio (D1DR), successive derivative subtraction method (SDS) and derivative transformation (DT) of derivative spectrophotometry theories and applications are reviewed.
 These methods were applied to solve different complex pharmaceuticals mixtures. These developed methods were simple and cost-effective.
Highlights
Multi-drug therapy is an ancient phenomenon to combat interrelated symptoms of the diseased status of human beings
Several spectrophotometric determination methods have been used for resolving mixtures of compounds with overlapping spectra, such as classical derivative spectrophotometry, Vierordt’s method and its modified version, orthogonal function method, Fourier functions method, dual wavelength spectrophotometry, pH-induced differential spectrophotometry, and least-square method, the multi-component analysis program, partial least squares regression (PLSR), principal component regression (PCR), multi-wavelength linear regression analysis (MLRA) and H-point standard addition method (HPSAM)
Several review articles focussing on the simultaneous estimation of drugs in various formulations like tablets, injections, eye drops, etc., have been published in indexed (Science Direct, NCBI, Scopus, Pubmed) journals in the recent past (1992-2018) making it interesting to explore the variations in derivative spectrophotometry for better analytical interpretation in UV Visible spectroscopy
Summary
Multi-drug therapy is an ancient phenomenon to combat interrelated symptoms of the diseased status of human beings. For obtaining the first component (Z), constant multiplication method had been established as a new approach in which Z could be determined by multiplication of Z' divisor by the previously obtained constant Z/Z', we could obtain the D ° curve of Z This could be summarized as follows: The concentration of Z was calculated from the corresponding regression equation (obtained by plotting the absorbance values of the zero order curves of Z at its λmax against the corresponding concentrations). For obtaining the second component (Y), Constant multiplication method was established as a new approach in which Y could be determined by multiplication of Y' divisor by the previously obtained constant Y/Y', we could obtain the D °curve of Y This could be summarized as follows: The concentration of Y was calculated from the corresponding regression equation (obtained by plotting the absorbance values of the zero order curves of Y at its λmax against the corresponding concentrations). The proposed methods are suitable and valid for application in laboratories lacking liquid chromatographic instruments [18]
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