Derivation of Hydrodynamic Equations for One-Dimensional Single Particle in Plasma

Abstract

Plasma is composed of charged particles such as electrons and ions as well as neutral particles (atoms, molecules, particles, etc.). It is a mixed fluid with quasi-neutral and collective effect at macro level. The wave phenomenon in plasma is the most fundamental physical phenomenon in the research of plasma physics. It’s necessary to specify the physical quantities before we explore the wave phenomenon in plasma. In this paper, starting from the hydrodynamic equations, we derive the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) iteration of one-dimensional (1-D) Maxwell’s equations for single particle in plasma. By integrating the continuity equation and momentum equation of the electron, we acquire 1-D hydrodynamic equations. Those electromagnetic distributions can be obtained by combining the FDTD iterations. The nonlinear interaction between electromagnetic wave and plasma is further understood. It provides a theoretical basis for electromagnetic propagation in plasma.