Abstract
The heavy-duty vehicle fleet involved in delivering water and sand makes noticeable issues of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption in the process of shale gas development. To examine the possibility of converting these heavy-duty diesel engines to run on natural gas-diesel dual-fuel, a transient engine duty cycle representing the real-world engine working conditions is necessary. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, and a target engine duty cycle comprising of 2231 seconds is developed from on-road data collected from 11 on-road sand and water hauling trucks. The similarity of inherent characteristics of the developed cycle and the base trip observed is evidenced by the 2.05% error of standard deviation and average values for normalized engine speed and engine torque. Our results show that the proposed approach is expected to produce a representative cycle of in-use heavy-duty engine behavior.
Highlights
In the process of shale gas development, heavy-duty diesel engines are extensively involved in material transport by over-the-road trucks, drilling rigs, hydraulic fracturing engines and other applications
Our results show that the proposed approach is expected to produce a representative cycle of in-use heavy-duty engine behavior
A method for the development of a normalized engine transient duty cycle was developed using micro-trips extracted from data logged from on-road heavy-duty vehicles
Summary
In the process of shale gas development, heavy-duty diesel engines are extensively involved in material transport by over-the-road trucks, drilling rigs, hydraulic fracturing engines and other applications. In order to measure the emissions from diesel and dual fuel engines, laboratory testing is performed on an engine dynamometer over a defined test schedule. Of the prime movers used in shale gas development, the working conditions of trucks associated with water and sand delivery are the most complex, due to the variable speed and load of these over-the-road engines. The objective of this contribution is to establish an engine duty cycle to represent the real-world working conditions of engines in trucks based on the on-road data collected
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