Dereplication and Quantification of Major Compounds of Convolvulus arvensis L. Extracts and Assessment of Their Effect on LPS-Activated J774 Macrophages.

Hafiz Abdul Khaliq,Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq,Mireille Alhouayek,Giulio G Muccioli,Sergio Ortiz

doi:10.3390/molecules27030963

Hafiz Abdul Khaliq, Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030963

Copy DOI

Abstract

Convolvulus arvensis is used in Pakistani traditional medicine to treat inflammation-related disorders. Its anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated on hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts of whole plant on pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-activated murine macrophage J774 cells at the non-cytotoxic concentration of 50 µg/mL. Ethyl acetate (ARE) and methanol (ARM) extracts significantly decreased mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, COX-2, and iNOS. Furthermore, both extracts dose dependently decreased IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 secretion. Forty-five compounds were putatively identified in ARE and ARM by dereplication (using HPLC-UV-HRMSn analysis and molecular networking), most of them are reported for the first time in C. arvensis, as for example, nineteen phenolic derivatives. Rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, N-trans-p-coumaroyl-tyramine, and N-trans-feruloyl-tyramine were main constituents identified and quantified by HPLC-PDA in ARE and ARM. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid, tyramine derivatives, and the mixture of the six identified major compounds significantly decreased IL-6 secretion by LPS-activated J774 cells. The activity of N-trans-p-coumaroyl-tyramine is shown here for the first time. Our results indicate that ARE, ARM and major constituents significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, which supports the use of this plant to treat inflammatory diseases.

Highlights

Convolvulus arvensis L. belonging to the family Convolvulaceae is among the very frequently used plants in the traditional medicine of Pakistan to treat inflammatory conditions [1]
The highest yield of ARW indicates the presence of a high quantity of polar compounds in C. arvensis, probably primary metabolites, which are soluble in water
We report that ethyl acetate (ARE) and methanol (ARM) extracts of C. arvensis significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by activated J774 cells

Summary

Introduction

Convolvulus arvensis L. belonging to the family Convolvulaceae is among the very frequently used plants in the traditional medicine of Pakistan to treat inflammatory conditions [1]. In the traditional medicine of Pakistan, roots of C. arvensis are used as purgatives [4], while the leaves’ paste is applied topically to treat boils, inflammation, and rheumatism [3,5,6]. To cure constipation, dried whole plant mixed with molasses is given with milk at night or fresh whole plant boiled in water is eaten as a vegetable with wheat bread [6,7]. Fresh plant ground with black peppers in water is given to treat bleeding piles, leprosy, and other skin diseases [3,6]. Phytochemical investigation has shown the presence of tropane alkaloids [13], coumarins [12], resin glycosides [14], flavonoids [15], phenolic acids [8], and phytosterols [16] in C. arvensis

Methods

Results

Conclusion