DER optimization to determine optimum BESS charge/discharge schedule using Linear Programming

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel optimization technique using Linear Programming (LP) method to solve the optimal scheduling problem of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) including Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). The proposed optimization technique has a dual objective function of economics and peak-shaving. Optimization of the BESS operation is a complex problem as it has special constraints such as Depth of Discharge (DOD) requirements, State of Charge (SOC) limitations, Charge and Discharge rates, etc. The proposed LP method would be a useful tool for distribution operators to optimally dispatch the distributed resources in their systems. The derived charge/discharge schedules of BESS ensure maximum energy arbitrage revenue. The proposed optimization technique is tested on a taxonomy feeder developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) with a fictitious microgrid that consists of DERs including a BESS. The optimization problem is modeled and solved using the Matlab optimization toolbox with industry standard load and electricity price data.