Abstract
A series of tests was devised to assess stereoscopic depth processing, motion parallax depth processing, binocular integration and hand-eye coordination in normal, stereoblind, and stereo deficient subjects. Using a random- dot stereoscopic display viewed through a stereoscope we established that of the 262 subjects tested, 177 were categorized as having normal stereoscopic depth perception, 28 as being stereo deficient and 57 as being stereoblind. These three groups of subjects processed motion parallax information for depth equally well, but the stereoblind and stereo deficient subjects had significantly longer reaction times. On the hand-eye coordination tests the stereoblind subjects performed significantly less well than did normal and stereo deficient subjects, whose performance on these tests was similar. Our binocular integration tests revealed significantly less integration in stereoblind subjects than in normal and stereo deficient subjects. The tests we have devised will be useful for the accurate assessment of various forms of treatment for amblyopia and strabismus for the reinstatement of depth perception, hand-eye coordination and binocular integration.
Highlights
One of the central requirements of higher living organisms is the ability to derive the third dimension from the two dimensional images that fall on the retinal surface
The prime aim of the research on which we report here was to create a comprehensive battery of tests that can reliably assess depth perception based on stereopsis and motion parallax, hand-eye coordination and binocular integration in normal, stereo deficient and stereoblind subjects
In the Discussion section we compare our tests with others and point out what the advantages are in our procedures
Summary
One of the central requirements of higher living organisms is the ability to derive the third dimension from the two dimensional images that fall on the retinal surface. Several neural mechanisms have evolved to accomplish this [1,2]. Notable among these are stereopsis and motion parallax. Motion parallax is predominantly a monocular cue whereas stereopsis, a binocular cue, relies on the disparity of the images that fall on the retinae of the left and right eyes. The accurate assessment of depth is a central requirement for survival. Due to the fact that the images that form on the retina are two-dimensional, the extraction of depth information is a demanding task
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