Depression scores and associated factors in pregnant and non-pregnant women: A community-based study in Turkey

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The aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the depression scores of pregnant and non-pregnant women, and to identify the factors associated with depression scores in the two groups. This community-based study was conducted in a primary health care center catchment area in Ankara (population: 17,838) in January 2003. At the beginning of the study, the trimesters of all pregnant women (n = 66) were determined and as a control group (n = 138), two non-pregnant women matched for age and parity characteristics living in the same area were selected for each pregnant woman. Each participant completed a questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). One-way ANOVA, univariate correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were used in statistical evaluation. Depression scores of pregnant and non-pregnant women, and women at different trimesters of pregnancy were similar. Using a cut-off score ≥ 18 on the BDI, 26.5% of non-pregnant women, 27.3% of pregnant women, 25.0% of pregnant women in their first and second trimester, and 30.0% of third trimester pregnant women were found to be depressive. According to multiple linear regression analysis, age, age at marriage, and the number of people living in the home were associated with depression in both groups. Depression scores were similar in pregnant women and non-pregnant controls. There were different associations between depression score and the study groups' characteristics.