Abstract
An alternative to psychiatric classification based upon topographical description is offered through classification based upon behavioral analysis. Depressive behavior is selected as a model. Two generic classes of environmental conditions are cited as associated with depressive behavior: (1) insufficient positive reinforcement, including high behavior/reinforcer ratio, withdrawal of a positive reinforcer, and interruption of a chain of behaviors leading to positive reinforcement; and (2) aversive control, including punishment, avoidance and escape.
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